The Origin - Big Bang Nucleosynthesis
The first nuclei were formed within minutes from the birth of the universe. It was then that hydrogen, helium and lithium formed to become the content of the first stars, and this primeval process is responsible for the present hydrogen/helium ratio of the cosmos.
Evolution - Stellar nucleosynthesis
Nuclear process by which new nuclei are produced. It occurs in stars during stellar evolution. It is responsible for the galactic abundances of elements from carbon to iron. Stars act as a thermonuclear furnaces in which Hydrogen and Helium are fused into heavier nuclei by increasingly high temperatures as the composition of the core evolves. Nuclear fusion reactions that produce elements heavier than iron absorb nuclear energy and are produced by far more violent conditions.
Explosion - Supernova nucleosynthesis
When the outer envelope of star is no longer sufficiently supported by the radiation pressure, the star's gravity pulls its mantle rapidly inward. As the star collapses, mantle collides violently with stellar core, producing a shockwave that rebounds outward through the unfused material of the outer shell. The process also called explosive nucleosynthesis which creates elements with heavier nuclei above iron. The energy deposited by the shockwave leads to the star's explosion, dispersing fusing matter in the mantle above the core into interstellar space.
Variation - Chemical Compound
In nature, elements rarely occur alone. A chemical compound is a chemical substance composed of many identical molecules composed of atoms from more than one element held together by chemical bonds. Complexity and diversity of chemical compounds is virtually limitless.
EmergenCE - Collaborative Property
Emergent behavior appears in countless systems all around us, all the time. These are properties which arise only from the collaborative functioning of a system and would not be possible for the individual elements. Single molecule of water can’t be wet nor can a single neuron be conscious. Trough limitless variations and added complexity of emergent properties, life as well can be considered as an emergent property of the universe.
Reaction - Chemical Transformation
A process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Classically, chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the positions of electrons in the forming and breaking of chemical bonds between atoms, with no change to the nuclei. Project Mendeln is all about observing the beauty of chemical reactions trough microscope. From here you can proceed to the Project Gallery or read more About Project.
